Issue of installing R package on arm64 Mac M1
使用2021年新款M1芯片Mac时，安装需要source的R包时，常常会出现问题。原因主要有以下几点：
-
homebrew 安装包的路径发送变化：
-
old x86_64 path in
/usr/local -
new arm64 path in
/opt/homebrew
-
所以我们需要告诉R，在新的路径里面找 brew install package。修改好的结果如下：
Sys.getenv("PATH")
"/opt/homebrew/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/MacOS/postback"
- 需要把新路径添加到R里，让R可以找对相应的包的文件夹
例如：安装CLVTools包时发生的错误
install.packages("CLVTools")
Installing package into ‘/Users/userName/Library/R/arm64/4.1/library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
There is a binary version available but the source version is later:
binary source needs_compilation
CLVTools 0.8.1 0.9.0 TRUE
Do you want to install from sources the package which needs compilation? (Yes/no/cancel) y
installing the source package ‘CLVTools’
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/src/contrib/CLVTools_0.9.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/octet-stream' length 770884 bytes (752 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 752 KB
* installing *source* package ‘CLVTools’ ...
** package ‘CLVTools’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** libs
clang++ -arch arm64 -std=gnu++11 -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include" -DNDEBUG -I'/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.1-arm64/Resources/library/Rcpp/include' -I'/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.1-arm64/Resources/library/RcppArmadillo/include' -I'/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.1-arm64/Resources/library/RcppGSL/include' -I/opt/R/arm64/include -fPIC -falign-functions=64 -Wall -g -O2 -c RcppExports.cpp -o RcppExports.o
In file included from RcppExports.cpp:5:
In file included from /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.1-arm64/Resources/library/RcppGSL/include/RcppGSL.h:25:
/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.1-arm64/Resources/library/RcppGSL/include/RcppGSLForward.h:25:10: fatal error: 'gsl/gsl_vector.h' file not found
#include <gsl/gsl_vector.h>
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.
make: *** [RcppExports.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘CLVTools’
* removing ‘/Users/chenxing/Library/R/arm64/4.1/library/CLVTools’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘CLVTools’ had non-zero exit status
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/private/var/folders/tc/k2t27jnx50zc0qmc_v0q8mxc0000gn/T/RtmpwWJuHq/downloaded_packages’
原因就是因为R没有找对gsl包的路径。
这个解决的方案是：将如下代码加入到~/.R/Makevars文件里
CFLAGS=-I/opt/homebrew/include
CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/homebrew/include
CXXFLAGS=-I/opt/homebrew/include
详细的解决办法请参考这个链接：
Transitioning from x86 to arm64 on macOS - experiences of an R user
